英语名著读书笔记英译版【汇总】

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 英语名著读书笔记1

海上日出

Sunrise at Sea

巴金

Ba Jin

摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》

中文:

有时太阳走进了云堆中,它的光线却从云里射下来,直射到水面上。这时候要分辨出哪里是水,哪里是天,倒也不容易,因为我就只看见一片灿烂的亮光。

英文:

Sometimes,hidden by the clouds, the sun nonetheless shed its rays straight onto the sea water, making it difficult for me to distinguish between the sky and the sea because what I saw in front of me was nothing but a wide expanse of brilliant light.

要点:

1,“有时太阳走进了云堆中”此处译者为了与下文照应,采用了主动转被动的手法~此句也可以理解为以“太阳”为主语的多动词句,“射出光线”为主要动词,“走进云堆”是次要动词,译为过去分词形式,至于句首~

2,”射到水面上“译为shed rays onto the sea,其中shed 此处意为”洒“

3,此句 译 文 中有 3处 使 用 了 头 韵 : sun/ shed / straight /seawater 、 difficult和distinguish、 s k y 和 s e a 。体现了散文的美感,读起来也是朗朗上口滴~

4,the sun nonetheless shed its rays straight onto the sea water中 , 将 原 文 “ 光线从云里射 下来 ”“ 直射到水面上 ” 两个动作合译,读起来一气呵成,流畅自然~后面直接用making连接两个句子,也体现了原文的简洁

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中文:有时天边有黑云,而且云片很厚,太阳出来,人眼还看不见。然而太阳在黑云里放射的光芒,透过黑云的重围,替黑云镶了一道发光的金边。后来太阳才慢慢地冲出重围,出现在天空,甚至把黑云也染成了紫色或者红色。这时候发亮的不仅是太阳、云和海水,连我自己也成了明亮的了。这不是很伟大的奇观么?

英文:Sometimes, with thick layers of dark clouds hanging in the sky, the sun was hardly visible to the naked eye. But its radiance managed to show through the dark clouds to edge them with golden lace. Then, after gradually breaking through the tight encirclement, it came into full view and even dyed the dark clouds purple or scarlet. At the moment, apart from the sun,the clouds and the seawater, I too was luminous.Wasn't that a marvelous spectacle?

要点:

1,“太阳出来人眼还看不见” 非 人称 主语 使 折射 一 定 生 命 内涵 的动 词 被 “ 挪 用 ”于不具 生命 的主语 , 这样 的句 式 就 自然 而然 地 抹 上了拟人色彩。译为“ t h e s u n w a s h a r d l y v i s i b l e t o t h e n a k e d e y e ” , 符合英语行文。而且 , 把太阳赋与人性 ,以非人称主语替代人称主语 , 表达顿趋简洁 , 而且显 得生动活泼

2,“透过黑云”此处译为managed to show through the dark clouds,用penetrate也可以,从上文的emerge到这里的manage to do,译者运用大量人性化的动词,将原文的“拟人化”的手法表现得淋漓尽致~

3,scarlet(绯红,猩红),本段乃至全文对于颜色的描写都非常细致,值得借鉴和总结~

4,“这时候发亮的不仅是太阳、云和海水,连我自己也成了明亮的了。”译为At the moment, apart from the sun,the clouds and the seawater, I too was luminous. 是作者借景抒情,不知不觉地融入到自然环境当中 ,情和景 在此刻完全交融在一起了。” 译者刻意调整句子重心,将这种 递进关系传神地传达给了读者 ,主次分明,突出此时此“ 我 ” 的融情于景 。

英语名著读书笔记2

雨前

Praying For Rainfall

何其芳He Qifang

译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》

中文:

我怀想着故乡的雷声和雨声。那隆隆的有力的搏击,从山谷返响到山谷,仿佛春之芽就从冻土里震动,惊醒,而怒茁出来。细草样柔的雨丝又以温存之手抚摸它,使它簇生油绿的枝叶而开出红色的花。这些怀想如乡愁一样萦绕得使我忧郁了。我心里的气候也和这北方大陆一样缺少雨量,一滴温柔的泪在我枯涩的眼里,如迟疑在这阴沉的天空里的雨点,久不落下。

英文:

I can never forget the thunderstorm we often had in my home town. Over there, whenever the rumble of thunder reverberated across the valley, the buds of spring would seem to sprout freely after being disturbed and roused up from their slumber in the frozen soil. Then tenderly stroked by the soft hands of fine rain, they would put forth bright green leaves and pink flowers. It makes me nostalgic and melancholy to think about the old times and my mind is as dePssed as the vast expanse of North China is thirsty. A tear stands in my dull eye and, like the rain lingering in the murky sky, is slow to roll down.

要点:

1,“那隆隆的有力的搏击,从山谷返响到山谷,仿佛春之芽就从冻土里震动,惊醒,而怒茁出来。“译为Over there, whenever the rumble of thunder reverberated across the valley, the buds of spring would seem to sprout freely after being disturbed and roused up from their slumber in the frozen soil. 原文中的3个动词。”振动惊醒,和怒茁“其实是递升的关系,张先生在翻译时同时运用了主动语态和被动语态,使得原文的递升意义不复存在。现提供另一段译文。Those mighty crashes rumbled and reverberated from mountain valley to mountain valley, as if the new shoots of spring were shaking in the frozen gound, awakening, and bursting forth with a terrifying vigour.。这段译文很好地体现了递升的手法,同学们可以对比记忆。

2,“细草样柔的雨丝又以温存之手抚摸它,使它簇生油绿的枝叶而开出红色的花。“突出地使用书面语或文学性词汇,也是本文的特色之一,加之这句话既有通感,又有拟人,因此在选词方面要尤为注意

3,“我心里的气候也和这北方大陆一样缺少雨量“不宜按字面直译,可理解为” 我的心情抑郁,和北方大地干旱达到同样严重的程度。“将其比喻的意思翻出来,译为my mind is as dePssed as the vast expanse of North China is thirsty.

4,“久不落下“汉语的否定结果比较单纯,否定词只有“不”、“非”、“否”、“勿”、“别”、“无”、“未”、“莫”、“不是”、“没有”、“决不”、“毫无”、“几乎没有”、“几乎不”等简单的词汇,汉语的传统是倾向于动词否定。

而英语的否定除借助词汇手段外,还借助句子结构和特殊表达方式来表达否定概念,既有动词否定,也有名词否定的习惯。

此处译者译为is slow to roll down, 是使用系表结构~表达了了形式上肯定,意义上否定的方法。

综述:

注意本段讲的否定句的译法~实际翻译时为了符合英语表达习惯,我们可以“形肯意否“或采取否定转移的方法~

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中文:白色的鸭也似有一点烦躁了,有不洁的颜色的都市的河沟里传出它们焦急的叫声。有的还未厌倦那船一样的徐徐的划行。有的却倒插它们的长颈在水里,红色的蹼趾伸在尾后,不停地扑击着水以支持身体的平衡。不知是在寻找沟底的细微食物,还是贪那深深的水里的寒冷。

英文:White ducks have also become somewhat impatient. Some are sending out irritated quacks from the turbid waters of an urban creek. Some keep swimming leisurely and tirelessly like a slow boat. Some have their long necks submerged headfirst in the water while sticking up their webbed feet behind their tails and splashing them desperately so as to keep their balance. There is no knowing if they are searching for tiny bits of food from the bottom of the creek or just enjoying the chill of the deep water.

要点:

1.在处理多层定语句“有不洁的颜色的都市的河沟里传出它们焦急的叫声“是译者采用了后置定语来翻译,译为the turbid waters of an urban creek,

2,第二个多层定语句“那船一样的徐徐的划行“译者巧妙地按其功能处理为了方式状语

swimming leisurely and tirelessly like a slow boat

3,“不知是在寻找沟底的细微食物,还是贪那深深的水里的寒冷。“中的”不知…”=there is no knowing…,并且对于“寒冷”一词的处理也比较贴切。

综述:汉语定语一般为前置,而且很少使用超过两层以上的多层定语,这是汉语的传统。在英语翻译语言的影响下,现代汉语的多层前置定语已经成为普遍现象。与汉语相比,英语名词常常有多层定语限制,这些定语或前置或后置,或前后合并使用。明白了这些汉英差异,做起翻译也会稍微得心应手。

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