【篇一】
可数名词与不可数名词
名词分可数与不可数两种。
可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。如table, country。
或表示若干个体组成的集合体。如 family, people, committee, police。
不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。如air, tea, furniture, water。
或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。如work, information, advice, happiness。
有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词,在另一种场合下是不可数名词。
如room 房间(可数),空间(不可数)
time 时间(不可数),次数(可数)
fish 鱼(不可数),各种各样的鱼(可数)
比较下列例句:
There are nine rooms in the house. (房间,可数名词)
There isnt enough room for us three in the car . (空间,不可数名词)
不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示。
如: 一块肉 a piece of meat
两条长面包 two loaves of bread
三件家具 three articles of furniture
一大笔钱 a large sum of money
【篇二】
可数名词的复数形式
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成如下:
1.一般情况下在名词后加-s。如:girls, books。
★浊辅音、元音结尾,s发[z]
2.以s, x , ch, sh结尾的词在名词后加-es。如:glasses, boxes, matches, bushes。
★以s, x , ch, sh结尾,es发[iz]
3.“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i再加-es。如:city-cities, country-countries。
4.以o结尾的词多数加-es。如:heroes, tomatoes, potatoes。
radios, zoos, photos, pianos, kilos 例外。
5.f, fe 结尾的词,多数变f,fe为v再加-es。如:thief-thieves, leaf-leaves, half-halves, life-lives, wife-wives, knife-knives。
少数名词有不规则的复数形式。如:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice。
★可数名词复数一般情况下考不规则复数形式。
个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的。如Chineses, Japanese, sheep, deer。
【篇三】
名词的所有格
名词的所有格表示所属关系, 起形容词的作用。
当名词表示有生命的东西时,所有格一般是在词尾加 s 。
如:Jeans room, my daughter-in-laws friends, my daughters-in-laws friends, childrens books。
如果名词已经有了复数词尾s, 则只需加。如:the teachers books, my parents car。
时间名词的所有格在后面加s ,复数加 。如:todays newspaper, five minutes walk。
当名词表示无生命的东西时,所有格常由“of”短语构成。
如:the top of the world, the cover of the book, Chinas capital。
加 s 或 的名词所有格可以表示店铺或某人的家。
如:the grocers, the tailors, the Smiths 。
★名词所有格考试常见部分是
名词表示没有生命的东西时,不能直接在其后加s。
时间名词所有格在其后加s,或复数名词后直接加。
【篇四】
名词在句子中的作用:名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语,有时可以作状语。
名词、代词或其他结构作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。
1.主语是可数名词单数时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
All roads lead to Rome。(条条大路通罗马。)
His brother is an industrial engineer。
The number of the students attending the party is increasing。
★the number of 表示数量,无论后面名词是复数还是单数,谓语动词是单数形式。
Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me。
★two-thirds 三分之二
几分之几作主语,谓语是单数形式。
belong to 属于某人
Both of us are studying English。
★总结:在名词作主语时,the number of 谓语动词单数形式;
几分之几,谓语单数形式;
both 谓语使用复数形式。
2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All the money he received was given to his mother。
Forgetting the past means betrayal。
What we are talking now is useless。
3.主语部分若有as well as, with, together with, like, but, except等短语,谓语动词的单、复数与短语前面的名词一致。
Mary, as well as her two sisters, is a student of this school。
(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary的主语补足语,主语 Mary 是单数,所以谓语动词用复数形式)
No one except my friends knows anything about it。
4.表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时,如果当作整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用单数形式。
Three times two is six。
Three kilometers is 3,ooo metres. (three kilometers作为整体来看)
5.Either, neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Neither of us has been to Italy。
Has either of them been to Shanghai?
none代表可数的人或东西时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,代表不可数的东西时,谓语动词用单数形式。
None of the students have/has seen the film。
None of the money belongs to me。
6.主语由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接时,谓语形式由最邻近的主语决定。
Not only you but also I am wrong。
Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon。
Either you or she is to do the work。
7.主语中有and,如果表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数。
The bread and butter is nice。
8.主语前有many a, more than one修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Many a book has been read by the students。
★many a book=many books
More than one person has been to the Great Wall。
9.集合名词作主语,当作整体看待时,谓语动词用单数形式,当作每个独立的个体看待时,谓语动词用复数。
The committee meets once a year. (作为整体)
The committee are having a meeting now. (作为独立个体)
People, police作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The police have come to arrest him。
【篇五】
不定冠词的基本用法
1.表示“一”的含义。
Give me a pen please。
We go shopping twice a week。
2.泛指某个人或东西。
Yesterday we visited an English secondary school。
She picked up a magazine and began to read。
3.表示一类人或东西。
He works as a language teacher in that university。
As a writer, he is successful。
Even a child can answer this question。
可数名词单数出现,泛指用不定冠词,特指用定冠词。一个可数名词的单数不能自己单独出现
【篇六】
定冠词的基本用法
1.表示特定的人或东西。
Give me the magazine。
Have you decided on the prices yet?
The book on the table is an English dictionary。
Beijing is the capital of China。
2.复述前文提到的人或东西。
Last week, I saw a flim. The film is about a love story between two middle-aged people。
The old man saw a house in the field. He went into the house and found a beautiful girl sitting there and singing。
3.用于形容词前面,代表一类人或东西。
the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 the wounded 受伤的人
the sick 生病的人 the beautiful 美丽的事物 the old 老年人
the young 年青人
4.用于表示世界上独一无二的东西的名词前面。
the moon, the sun, the earth
The moon moves aroud the earth。
We have friends all over the world。
Dont build castles in the air。
5.用于序数词、方位名词、形容词与副词的级前面,副词级前面的the 可以省略。
January is the first month of the year。
The sun rises in the east。
Japan lies to the east of China。
Beijing lies in the north of China。
Ireland lies on the Great Britain。
At the Childrens Palace, some children learn to play the piano, others learn to play the violin。
Last week we went to the theatre。
Among the three girls she speaks English the best。
“东、南、西、北”作副词时,前面不加冠词。
We are walking south。
形容词级前若有物主代词,就不加定冠词。
Monday is my busiest day。
6.用于姓氏的复数形式前,表示一家人或夫妇俩。
The Lius have moved to Guangzhou。
The Simths came to China for visit in 1996.
7.不可数名词前面通常不加定冠词,但若有限制性定语修饰,或表示特定部分、特定内容时,前面需加定冠词。
Drink some water。
Is the water in the well fit for drink?
What do you think of the music?
He cant take the advice his mother gives him。
【篇七】
absent from不在,缺席abundant in富于
alien to与……相反angry with sb at/about sth生气,愤怒
anxious about/for忧虑,担心appropriate for/to适当,合适
applicable to适用于apt at聪明,善于
apt to易于ashamed of羞愧,害臊
approximate to近拟,接近aware of意识到
abailable to sb for sth可用,可供bare of几乎没有,缺乏
bound for开往…… capable of能够
careful of/about/with;小心,注意certain of /about确信,肯定
about/in doing characteristic of特有,独特
clear of没有,不接触clever at善于
close to接近,亲近comparable to/with可比较
conscious of察觉到,意识到consequent on随之而来
considerate towards体谅,体贴contemporary with与……同时代
content with满足于contrary to违反
counter to与……相反crazy about热衷,着迷
critical of挑剔,批评curious about好奇,想知道
distinct from种类(风格)不同doubtful of /about怀疑
east of在……东面equal to相等,胜任
equivalent to等于,相当于essential to/for必不可少
expert at/in/on善于faithful to忠实于
familiar to sb为……所熟悉familiar with sth熟悉,通晓
fatal to致命的favourable to支持,赞成
favourable for有帮助的fearful of惧怕
fit for适于foreign to非……所原有
fond of喜欢free of /from未受……;免费
free with康慨,大方guilty of有……罪的
hungry for渴望ignorant of不知道
impatient at sth.不耐烦impatient of无法容忍
with sb independent of不受……支配
impatient for急切,渴望indifferent to无兴趣,不关心
indignant with sb.愤慨inferior to级别低于,不如
ab/about sth innocent of无……罪,无辜
intent on专心于invisible to不可见的jealous of嫉妒keep on爱好,很喜欢
liable for对……有责任liable to易于
loyal to忠于mad at/with sb.生气,愤怒mad with因……发狂next to下一个,其次
necessary to /for必要的opposite to在对面
open to不限制,开放的particular about挑剔,讲究
arallel to与……平等,类似peculiar to独特的,独有的
atient with有耐心prior to在……之前
opular with受……喜爱,爱戴rePsentative of代表……的
relative to与……有关rich in富于
responsible for负责,是……原因sensitive to对……敏感
sensible of觉查到sick of厌恶,厌倦
short of缺少skilled at /in善于
similar to相似sufficient for足够的
subject to受制于,易于superior to优于,级别高于
suitable for/to适合于suspicious of怀疑
sure of /about对……有信心,确信typical of是典型的,特有的
tired of对……不在感兴趣votal to对……关系重大
uncertain of /about不确知mad about/on狂热迷恋
void of没有,缺乏
【篇八】
这里用to man 而不用by.即当单数又无冠词的man和known搭配时,表示人类不用by.
this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,next,last,one
接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯
例;一天one day (不说on one day)
one summer 在一个夏天
one year 一年
Iast nieht 昨天夜里
last Friday 上个星期五
last month 上月
last year 去年
yesterday afternoon 昨天下午
tomorrow afternoon 明天下午
tomorrow evening 明天晚上
next month 下个月
next week 下周
next year 明年
next Saturday 下星期六
